Reading Academic Writing

In the last unit, you developed tools to approach difficult writing. These tools can be applied to any type of writing, as you will see here.

What is an Essay?

The term "essay" comes from the French word essai, meaning "attempt" or "trial." It was popularized by Michel de Montaigne in the 16th century, who used it to describe his short, reflective writings. Many schools teach the "5-paragraph essay," but with the tools you developed in the last unit, you can explore how essays are truly written in academia and move beyond the "training wheels."

In this assignment, you'll examine three real examples of academic writing that you find on Google Scholar and learn strategies to analyze them and understand the techniques and strategies used by published writers.

Choosing Essays

From your list of themes, or a newly-generated one, choose a topic you’re interested in learning more about. Go to Google Scholar, search for "Macbeth," and pick a few essays. Use your LLM to assist you:

  • Summarize the whole essay into one paragraph.
  • Summarize each paragraph into one sentence.

This will give you a “map” of your essay, helping you understand what's happening at any point. For confusing paragraphs, have your LLM rewrite them in simpler English.

Overall Structure

The 5-paragraph essay provides a basic template to create something close to a real essay, but it’s rarely used in published journals. English essays are more about applying the scientific method to a text by:

  1. Starting with a hypothesis (thesis).
  2. Gathering evidence from the text.
  3. Performing analysis or experiments.
  4. Drawing conclusions.

The best structure to prove the thesis should inform the essay's format. A single point may require more than one paragraph, or multiple related points might be covered in one paragraph. Use different colors in Google Docs to highlight what each part of the essay does, based on these four steps.

Analyzing Writing

Paragraph Structure

A memorable way to teach paragraph writing is "PEE":

  • Point: Introduce a new way to analyze the text.
  • Example: Provide a quote or paraphrase.
  • Explanation: Explain why the example supports the thesis.

Most sentences in an essay should serve one of these functions. Choose a few paragraphs from each essay, highlight them for PEE elements, and analyze their effectiveness.

Literary Devices

Literary devices add style to writing. Have your LLM generate a list of common literary devices in academic writing and confirm your understanding of them. Then, identify and document any literary devices used in your essays, noting examples in your Google Doc.

Reflection

After highlighting and analyzing your essays, create a short video answering the following questions:

  • What made you choose the essays you did?
  • Were the same strategies effective for understanding the essays as Macbeth, or did different things work?
  • For the essays you chose, what are one or more strengths and weaknesses of each one?

Assessment

Pre-Submission

Before you submit, please complete the Pre-Submission Self-Assessment.

What to Turn In

  • 📤
    Pre-Submission Self-Assessment Google Doc
  • 📤

    Google Doc with:

    • 3 essays highlighted for Overall Structure
    • Selected paragraphs highlighted for Paragraph Structure
    • A list of literary devices used, with examples
    • **Screencast video** detailing your process and findings

Learning Goals

We are learning to:

  • 🎯

    Apply effective reading strategies to approach and understand difficult academic writing

  • 🎯

    Develop independent judgment about what makes academic writing effective

Success Criteria

I can:

  • Demonstrate my understanding of the main ideas and supporting details of selected academic texts

    Expectations Covered: RLS1
  • Recognize and explain forms, conventions, and stylistic elements used in academic essays

    Expectations Covered: RLS2
  • Analyze and comprehend difficult texts using a range of strategies

    Expectations Covered: RLS3
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of different reading strategies and adapt them as needed

    Expectations Covered: RLS4
  • Gather and organize information to support future reading and writing tasks

    Expectations Covered: W1

Rubric

Category Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1
Knowledge / Understanding
How well does the student demonstrate understanding of the selected academic texts?
Demonstrates a thorough understanding of the selected texts Demonstrates a considerable understanding of most selected texts Demonstrates some understanding of most selected texts Demonstrates limited understanding of the selected texts
Knowledge / Understanding
How well does the student demonstrate understanding of academic forms and stylistic elements?
Demonstrates a high degree of understanding of academic forms and stylistic elements Demonstrates a considerable understanding of academic forms and stylistic elements Demonstrates some understanding of most academic forms and stylistic elements Demonstrates limited understanding of academic forms and stylistic elements
Application
How effectively does the student apply reading strategies to understand complex texts?
Applies a wide variety of reading strategies very effectively Applies a variety of reading strategies effectively Applies some variety of reading strategies with limited effectiveness Applies a limited number of reading strategies with minimal effectiveness
Thinking / Inquiry
How effectively does the student identify which reading strategies are most effective?
Accurately identifies the most and least effective strategies across a wide range of situations Identifies which strategies are more and less effective for a given situation Often identifies which strategies are more and less effective for a given situation Sometimes identifies which strategies are more and less effective for a given situation
Communication
How clear and concise is the student’s written communication?
Writing is very clear and concise Writing is clear and concise Writing is often clear and concise Writing is somewhat clear and concise
Thinking / Inquiry
How effectively does the student identify important elements to support future writing?
Identifies many important elements to support future writing Identifies important elements to support future writing Identifies a number of important elements to support future writing Identifies a few important elements to support future writing
Knowledge / Understanding
Criteria: How well does the student demonstrate understanding of the selected academic texts?
Level 4

Demonstrates a thorough understanding of the selected texts

Level 3

Demonstrates a considerable understanding of most selected texts

Level 2

Demonstrates some understanding of most selected texts

Level 1

Demonstrates limited understanding of the selected texts

Knowledge / Understanding
Criteria: How well does the student demonstrate understanding of academic forms and stylistic elements?
Level 4

Demonstrates a high degree of understanding of academic forms and stylistic elements

Level 3

Demonstrates a considerable understanding of academic forms and stylistic elements

Level 2

Demonstrates some understanding of most academic forms and stylistic elements

Level 1

Demonstrates limited understanding of academic forms and stylistic elements

Application
Criteria: How effectively does the student apply reading strategies to understand complex texts?
Level 4

Applies a wide variety of reading strategies very effectively

Level 3

Applies a variety of reading strategies effectively

Level 2

Applies some variety of reading strategies with limited effectiveness

Level 1

Applies a limited number of reading strategies with minimal effectiveness

Thinking / Inquiry
Criteria: How effectively does the student identify which reading strategies are most effective?
Level 4

Accurately identifies the most and least effective strategies across a wide range of situations

Level 3

Identifies which strategies are more and less effective for a given situation

Level 2

Often identifies which strategies are more and less effective for a given situation

Level 1

Sometimes identifies which strategies are more and less effective for a given situation

Communication
Criteria: How clear and concise is the student’s written communication?
Level 4

Writing is very clear and concise

Level 3

Writing is clear and concise

Level 2

Writing is often clear and concise

Level 1

Writing is somewhat clear and concise

Thinking / Inquiry
Criteria: How effectively does the student identify important elements to support future writing?
Level 4

Identifies many important elements to support future writing

Level 3

Identifies important elements to support future writing

Level 2

Identifies a number of important elements to support future writing

Level 1

Identifies a few important elements to support future writing