Writing an Essay

Writing an essay is a lot like telling a joke; there is more than one way to do it. Most English classes, including this one, teach a 5-paragraph essay. This is a reasonable first step but just the beginning of your writing journey. The basic idea of a 5-paragraph essay is to:

  1. Pick something about the text you can demonstrate (thesis).
  2. Find 3 pieces of evidence that you use to demonstrate the thing (one per paragraph).
  3. Use a quote to prove each piece of evidence.
  4. Attach an introduction and conclusion that preview or review the thing you demonstrated.

Focus on writing three good body paragraphs that prove the thesis. If you do that, everything else falls into place.

Generating Thesis Ideas

You have already done the work to become very familiar with your theme in the last assignment. What do you think Shakespeare was trying to say about your theme? Look at the scenes you identified and try to see what conclusions they leave you with.

If you’re still stuck, consider asking for thesis suggestions related to your theme.

Overall Structure

An effective approach, often attributed to Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People, is: “tell people what you’re going to tell them, tell them, then tell them what you just told them.” This advice works well for the Introduction—Body—Conclusion format of essays.

Ensure your body is finished before writing the introduction or conclusion. Until you have a clear idea of what you’re trying to say, you can’t provide the necessary information.

Paragraph Structure

A memorable way to explain paragraph writing is PEE: Point, Example, Explanation.

  • Point: Introduce a new point or idea.
  • Example: Introduce a quote from the text that proves your point.
  • Explanation: Explain how your quote proves your point.

To add length to an essay, introduce additional Examples and Explanations for points without adding filler.

Introduction and Conclusion

Introduction

  1. Start with a generic statement related to your topic (e.g., “Relationships are difficult...”), connecting it to your text (e.g., “... as Shakespeare demonstrated in Macbeth”).
  2. Preview each of your body paragraphs in one sentence each.
  3. State your thesis clearly (e.g., “Macbeth shows that [your thesis]”).

Conclusion

Start by claiming that you’ve proved your thesis, review your points again, and end with a generic statement.

What About LLMs?

You’re welcome to use language generation models to generate ideas or example paragraphs for inspiration. If you do, document any outputs used and provide a screencast explaining what you used and why. Understand the content well enough to explain it to someone else, ensuring you can recreate it in your own words.

Assignment

  1. Develop a thesis supported by scenes from your Macbeth theme from the last unit.
  2. Find 3 scenes that demonstrate the theme, referring to the list from your last assignment.
  3. Pick a quote from each scene that clearly shows your thesis (these form the Examples from PEE).
  4. Write three body paragraphs:
    • Point: State what happens in your scene/quote and how it demonstrates your thesis.
    • Example: Introduce your quote, with attention to punctuation.
    • Explanation: Explain why the quote shows your point. Be thorough, even with obvious details.
  5. Add your introduction and conclusion.
  6. Make a video reviewing your process: explain why you chose your paragraphs, your strategies, and what you would do differently next time.

Assessment

Pre-Submission

Before you submit, please complete the Pre-Submission Self-Assessment.

What to Turn In

  • 📤
    Pre-Submission Self-Assessment Google Doc
  • 📤

    Google Doc with body paragraphs followed by introduction and conclusion

  • 📤

    Reflection video

  • 📤

    If using LLM, a Google Doc with the generated content referenced

Learning Goals

We are learning to:

  • 🎯

    Develop a clear, supportable thesis based on textual evidence from the play

  • 🎯

    Structure an essay using an introduction, PEE body paragraphs, and a conclusion

  • 🎯

    Integrate and explain quotations effectively to support claims

  • 🎯

    Reflect on writing strategies to improve future essays

Success Criteria

I can:

  • Formulate a clear and supportable thesis related to the play

    Expectations Covered: W1
  • Write body paragraphs that follow the PEE (Point, Example, Explanation) structure

    Expectations Covered: W2
  • Construct an essay with a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion

    Expectations Covered: W2
  • Select and integrate relevant quotations and explain how they support my claims

    Expectations Covered: W1, W2
  • Communicate ideas logically and use correct grammar and conventions

    Expectations Covered: W3

Rubric

Category Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1
Knowledge / Understanding
How well does the student demonstrate understanding of essay structure and formatting?
Demonstrates a thorough understanding of introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion formatting Demonstrates considerable understanding of introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion formatting Demonstrates some understanding of introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion formatting Demonstrates limited understanding of introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion formatting
Thinking / Inquiry
How effectively does the student select points, evidence, and strategies to support the thesis and improve writing?
Selects exceptionally effective points and evidence and identifies very logical strategies for improvement Selects effective points and evidence and identifies logical strategies for improvement Often selects effective points and evidence and identifies strategies with some logic Sometimes selects effective points and evidence and identifies strategies with limited logic
Application
How effectively does the essay demonstrate and develop the thesis?
Essay demonstrates the thesis very effectively throughout Essay demonstrates the thesis effectively Essay mostly demonstrates the thesis with uneven effectiveness Essay sometimes demonstrates the thesis
Communication
How clearly and logically are ideas communicated?
Communicates ideas very clearly and logically Communicates ideas clearly and logically Often communicates ideas clearly and logically Communicates ideas with limited clarity or logic
Knowledge / Understanding
Criteria: How well does the student demonstrate understanding of essay structure and formatting?
Level 4

Demonstrates a thorough understanding of introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion formatting

Level 3

Demonstrates considerable understanding of introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion formatting

Level 2

Demonstrates some understanding of introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion formatting

Level 1

Demonstrates limited understanding of introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion formatting

Thinking / Inquiry
Criteria: How effectively does the student select points, evidence, and strategies to support the thesis and improve writing?
Level 4

Selects exceptionally effective points and evidence and identifies very logical strategies for improvement

Level 3

Selects effective points and evidence and identifies logical strategies for improvement

Level 2

Often selects effective points and evidence and identifies strategies with some logic

Level 1

Sometimes selects effective points and evidence and identifies strategies with limited logic

Application
Criteria: How effectively does the essay demonstrate and develop the thesis?
Level 4

Essay demonstrates the thesis very effectively throughout

Level 3

Essay demonstrates the thesis effectively

Level 2

Essay mostly demonstrates the thesis with uneven effectiveness

Level 1

Essay sometimes demonstrates the thesis

Communication
Criteria: How clearly and logically are ideas communicated?
Level 4

Communicates ideas very clearly and logically

Level 3

Communicates ideas clearly and logically

Level 2

Often communicates ideas clearly and logically

Level 1

Communicates ideas with limited clarity or logic